A Love Story in E.M Forster’sA Room with a View - 1352 Words

E.M Forster’s, A Room with a view, focuses on the love story and development of Lucy Honeychurch who is torn between the expectations of the world in which she moves and the passionate yearning of her heart. Although, A Room with a View largely explores the idea of deciding between true love and meeting the expectations of behaviour and beliefs of the society, the novel also follows Lucy’s coming of age. The conflict between social convention and true love is shown through the comparison of Lucys love for George which is completely unacceptable according to social standards and her match with Cecil which is far more conventional. On the other hand, the novel also focuses on the development of Lucy and and how she matures into a young women with the help of Mr. Emerson, and George. Hence, while choosing between true love and social etiquette is the central focus of the novel, Lucy’s coming of age is also an important theme in the book. Throughout the novel, Forster emphasises on the social mores of the british society placed upon Lucy of having a socially acceptable marriage with Cecil in comparison to her unconventional marriage with George. Lucy decides to marry Cecil at first, to please the society and her family especially her mother Mrs. Honeychurch who values the prevailing social definitions of respectability as Foster display her contentment through her likeness of Cecil marrying her daughter because of his considerable social connections. She enumerates Cecils

Creativity And The Creative Thinking - 1748 Words

CREATIVITY â€Å"Seeing what everyone else has seen And Thinking what no one else has thought† -Einstein and Feynman INTRODUCTION â€Å"Creative thinking brings about new things – innovations .........Creative people are those who produce such innovations and the creative process consist of the psychological processes involved in bringing about innovations† (Weisberg, 2006.) Creativity/creative thinking is a quality that every executive/manager should possess. However, creativity is not just a quality that any creative person possesses or is not just a concept which can be developed by research. Creativity is innate but not everyone is blessed with it. As a matter of fact creativity is developed by need for it and those experiences leading to generate creative ideas by means of getting involved into those situations or problems that require you to be creative. The following words by a great innovator of the last century ,Isadora Duncan(1930) who developed great dancing styles merely based on everyday activities of running, moving, skipping and rightly so said- â€Å"I wonder how many adults realise that by the so-called education they are giving their children, they are only driving them into the commonplace and depriving them of any chance of doing anything beautiful or original† (Bruce 2011) Any problem eitherShow MoreRelatedCreative Thinking : Creativity And Innovation Essay1745 Words   |  7 Pages Change, creativity and innovation are essential elements for survival and growth of an organization. Creativity is vital for the birth of fresh and beneficial ideas. Creative thinking allows groups and individuals to solve problems or stimulate to think differently in order to bring forth fruitful ideas. The above mentioned creative thinking enabled our team of six different personalities to come together and implement a plan to solve a complex problem in a hospital. Our assigned task was to recommendRead MoreThe Torrance Test Of Creative Thinking1044 Words   |  5 PagesTorrance Test of Creative Thinking The Torrance Test of Creative Thinking was named after its creator, Dr. E Paul Torrance. He is also known as the â€Å"Father of Creativity†. Dr. Paul E. Torrance was an internationally recognized leader in the research of creativity, and was extremely well known for his development of the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking. The Torrance Test of Creative Thinking, also known as the TTCT was originally created in 1966. The Torrance Test of Creative Thinking has been reformedRead MoreThe Process of Creativity926 Words   |  4 Pages Creativity is turning new and imaginative ideas into reality. It is the process of seeing the world in new ways, to find hidden patterns. Creativity involves two processes: thinking, then producing. If you have ideas, but you don’t act on them, you are imaginative but not creative. It is important to define creativity because it can mean in a lot of different ways to different people. â€Å"Creativity is knowing how to hide your sources† ― Albert Einstein INNOVATION Innovation is the application ofRead MoreCreativity Is Important For Our Future1227 Words   |  5 PagesCreativity is no longer being looked upon as simply a thing that ‘right-brained’ people hold. It is seen as a driving force that is needed in America so the society as a whole can prosper and the country can continue to compete globally on the economic level. While participants in the debate about creativity in education agree about the notion that creativity is vital to future societal growth, they disagree about in what ways creativity is important, how creativity should be introduced in collegeRead MoreCreativity Is An Innate And Universal Human Attribute972 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstand creativity we need a starting point, and a logical starting point would be a definition: what is creativity? But in our field of study there is no single, agreed-upon definition of creativity. There are good definitions and popular definitions but none that is universally accep ted. People come to the study of creativity from many other fields, and there are as many definitions of creativity as there are points of view. Seeing from multiple points of view is a creative thinking techniqueRead MoreTaking a Look at Creativity824 Words   |  3 PagesCreativity is the ability to produce work which is both original and unexpected design .Creativity is a wide scope which is important at both individual and societal level for a wide range of task domain at an individual level of creativity which is relevant to our idea. When you are solving your problem on particular job in your daily life activities, with your creativity idea can lead you to new finding movement to innovate the job you want to create. One of the most important aspects of creativityRead MoreThe Importance Of Discovering The Talent For Children1124 Words   |  5 Pagestalent or creative the creative side. Art, music and dance are some common forms of creativity; however creative thought appears in almost all aspects of life. This research paper is written on how important creativity is and why is should be nurtured. I also included infor mation on how creativity is valuable in the classroom, at home and also how it’s beneficial in the child’s future. Included are some ways we has teachers and parents can encourage or help improve a child’s creativity and what someRead MoreIntelligence Is The Mental Potential983 Words   |  4 PagesCreativity and Intelligence, they couldn’t be any more different from each other. But maybe, just maybe could they be related in a sense? Or what does one have to do with the other? That’s what I always wondered when it came to both. In class we learned that they do met at a certain point, but after that no such connection happens between them. Creativity is the ability to produce new and valuable ideas; while Intelligence is the mental potential to learn from experiences, solve problems, and useRead MoreEssay on Cypop 7 Childrens and Young Peoples S Workforce Level 3830 Words   |  4 Pages7 – Promote creativity and creative learning in young Children CACHE Level 3 Diploma for the children and young people’s workforce – Jacqueline Monks Analyse the differences between creative learning and creativity. Creative learning is about how children are actively involved in their own learning, where they are given the opportunity to make choices and decisions which develops their problem solving skills and imaginative thinking.   It can be achieved through providing a creative environmentRead MoreTok Essay: Critical and Creative Thinking1599 Words   |  7 PagesKnowledge 3 May 2012 TOK Essay Response: Critical and Creative Thinking Since the dawn of humanity, man has sought to gain further insight on life through attaining knowledge. Knowledge can be defined as any information gained through personal experience. The means of obtaining knowledge include four main branches: reason, perception, language, and emotion. Despite the means, all knowledge is formulated through the process of thinking. Thinking refers to the use of the mind to gain understanding

Evidence Based Acute Care Nursing

Question: Would Poster presentation demonstrate clear alignment to intent of poster abstract. Demonstrate strong and succinct expansion of main points of poster abstract within presentation. Poster demonstrates an astutely applied and comprehensive knowledge of the topic/project. Can accurately and comprehensively respond to all questions thus demonstration a high level knowledge of the poster topic/project. Content and depth of presentation/poster demonstrates strong ability to educate and inform the professional development of intended audience. Outstanding logical presentation of the topic/project with clear consideration given to intended audience in regards to poster layout and presentation. Demonstrate a high degree of creativity in poster layout. No spelling, punctuation or grammatical errors Answer: Introduction: Evidence based acute care practice is a nothing but the way of utilizing available evidence at best level or we can say knowledge about the needs of individual patients and accomplishing the decisions over it regarding to improve outcomes. While research, benchmarking and clinical expertise all together it will form best evidence. It is also proved by researchers that when decisions are based on expert nursing experiences and also have scientific evidence behind their concluded decision then it will generate best result for patients health and their families (Berke et al., 2011). It is always being expected from the nurses that during their clinical decision making nurses have to use the best available evidence. According to discussion over International Council of Nurses, It was discussed that nurses have a professional obligation towards society for providing care which has to be reviewed constantly along with researching and validating on it. Standard of care for acute care nursing practice: It is intended that standard of care should used with the expertise scope because they are related to the role and limitations of acute care nurses practice. The acute and critical care nurses provide care to their patient on appropriate standard. How the standards have to be met is described by the measurement criteria of nursing practice. Relevant theories, researches and evidence characterize the acute care nursings professional practice as well as they provide guidelines in order to explain human behavior and related phenomena. It is identified that the acute care nurses needs various resources during their practice setting, support and in order to get access for education program continuation which is equivalent to research and the practice which is based on evidences (Hjorland and Birger, 2011). Standard 1: Assessment The nurses attending the acute ill patient collects relevant data required and necessary regarding to the patient situation. Criteria of measurement: Nurses collect the data from the patient, their family, health care professionals and also from the people as and where required in order to create chart of patient needs According to patients characteristics priorities of data collection are decided, it is also based on immediate condition and anticipated needs. Particular evidence based techniques and instrument are used in terms of collecting pertinent and sufficient information. To make decisions on patient conditions formal knowledge matching is necessary along with clinical findings. After all the process appropriate data are recorded as a document That recorded data are discussed with the healthcare professionals to conclude more evidence based decision. Standard 2: Diagnosis The nurses attending the acute ill patient analyze the collected data through assessment to determine diagnosis and care issues. Measurement criteria: The assessment document is used in order to diagnose and care issues These diagnosis and care issue are then validated and discussed throughout the treatment by nurses with the patient, or their family and whenever required also validated through other health care professionals across the healthcare system. The issues related to diagnosis and health of patient are then categorize according to priority and recorded for facilitating the prioritized outcome and to develop or modify the plan. Standard 3: Outcome determination Nurses attending to the patients who are acutely ill identify outcomes for the patient depending on their current health circumstances. Measurement criteria: Whatever outcome is derived is absolutely based upon the actual diagnoses and the issues occur during the care Outcomes are formulated in conjunction with the patient clinical history, health examination, functional and risk assessment, also with their family and other health provider which is related to their level of response when decision making is conducted (Dale, 2005). Outcomes are recognized, appreciated and incorporated with differences. Outcomes are based upon different factors such as resource available, risk associated with it, current evidences and clinical expertise and cost. In order to continue care outcome plays important role and also provides evidence. Outcomes include a target date for attainment. Standard 4: Planning Plan has been developed by nurses who attends acutely ill patient with given interventions to get appropriate result Measurement criteria: The plan includes characteristics of patients health and current situation To develop the plan patient, their family and healthcare providers has been concerned and also collaborate with them in terms of promoting contributions of each member for achieving good health outcome. Current best evidence is reflected by the plan Continuity of care is provided by the plan and it proceeds along with matching nurses competencies with the characteristics of patients. Priorities of care have been established by the healthcare plan It is taken care that plan should provide strategies for promoting and restoring good health of patient and prevent the acutely ill patient from further illness, injuries and disease Available resources and economic condition effect the plan Standard 5: Implementation Plan implementation, coordination of care delivery and strategies employment are accomplishes by the nurse caring for acutely ill patient, intended to encourage healthy and safe atmosphere around the patient, so that they can feel better and respond quickly to given treatment. Measurement criteria: During implementation intervention are delivered for reducing the complication and avoiding critical condition To implement the plan contribution of patient and family is very important as per their capabilities All the things that is the plan has to implement and modifications are documented Standard 6: Evaluation Progress has been evaluated by nurses attending and caring the acutely ill patients for getting best health outcomes. Measurement criteria: If there is requirement then the patient, their family members and professionals are involved in the process of evaluation and decision making After initiating the interventions evaluation has been occur during appropriate time frame Professional performance standards: Competent level of behavior has been described by the standard of professional performance in the professional role; it includes activities which relate to professional care quality, its evaluation, education and other standards (French, 2002). Measurement criteria are given to describe and evaluate for meeting appropriate standard of professional performance. Though it explains entire expectation of nurses who handles acutely ill patients, their certification they demonstrates additional methods of professionalism. Reference List: Berke, D.M., Rozell, C.A., Hogan, T.P., Norcross, J.A., Karpiak, C.P. (April 2011)."What clinical psychologists know about evidence-based practice: familiarity with online resources and research methods".Journal of Clinical Psychology67(4): 329339. Hjorland, Birger (2011)."Evidence based practice: An analysis based on the philosophy of science".Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology62(7): 130110. Dale AE (2005). "Evidence-based practice: compatibility with nursing".Nurs Stand19(40): 4853. French P (February 2002)."What is the evidence on evidence-based nursing? An epistemological concern".J Adv Nurs37(3): 2507

To What Extent is Petruchio a Sympathetic Character Essay Example

To What Extent is Petruchio a Sympathetic Character? Paper Petruchio first appears in Act I scene ii in a flurry. His servant, Grumio seems to enrage him. In Grumios introduction, he plays on words to annoy Petruchio: Pet. Villain, I say, knock me here soundly. Gru. Knock you here, sir? Why, sir, what am I, sir, that I should knock you here, sir? Here, Petruchio seems unable to understand that Grumio is using knock about humour. Later in the play Petruchio cleverly uses words to try and woo Katherina. However in this episode it makes him appear short-tempered and with a need to control the people around him. In line 24, Petruchio talks in Italian to Hortensio. This makes him appear intelligent and makes the audience feel that they are in Italy. After Hortensio and Petruchios Italian dialogue, Grumio says: Tis no matter, sir, what he leges in Latin. This would, to anyone who can tell the difference between Italian and Latin be amusing and make Grumio seem confused and ignorant. However, it is likely that fewer people in a modern audience would notice this and Grumios mistake might go unnoticed. After this, Petruchio and Grumio quarrel about Grumios disobedience. I bade the rascal knock upon your gate. This again gives the impression that Petruchio is short tempered and unwilling to back down. When Petruchio and Hortensio get talking about women, Petruchio shows that he is interested in marrying for money. Thou knowst not golds effect. When Hortensio tells Petruchio of the rich but shrewd girl Katherina, he is instantly interested. Hortensio seems to regrets telling Petruchio and lists all of Katherinas bad points: She is intolerable curst. However, Petruchio has his mind set and will not change it. We will write a custom essay sample on To What Extent is Petruchio a Sympathetic Character? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on To What Extent is Petruchio a Sympathetic Character? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on To What Extent is Petruchio a Sympathetic Character? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer From his earlier actions, the audience can tell that Petruchio would probably be able to make Katherine yield, as he is a powerful and fiery character. Petruchio makes it clear that he doesnt care how bad her temper is as long as she has lots of money. I come to wive it wealthily in Padua. Petruchio implies that he thinks that he is perfectly capable of taming Katherina. Have I not heard great ordnance in the field, And do you tell me of a womans tongue. Although Petruchio has some strong lines early on, he delivers them with humour and affection. This paves the way for the happy marriage that we see starting to materialise at the end of the play. In the 2003 Royal Shakespeare Company production of The Taming of the Shrew, Petruchio is shown as being drunk when he first makes his appearance in the play. He is also shown to hug Hortensio. This perhaps gives us an insight into his more sensitive side. Another way that Petruchio shows his internally sensitive nature is by using flowing and complementary words to describe Katherina: Her affability and bashful modesty. This seems almost like Petruchio is trying to kid himself as to what Katherina is really like. This also has the effect of giving the audience a view of how he wants Katherina to turn out after he has tamed her. Petruchio reiterates this in Act II, scene I, line 168 in his first soliloquy. Here, he tells the audience that he will contradict everything she says and does: Say that she frown, Ill say she looks as clear As morning roses newly washd with dew. He does this to attempt to confuse her and win her favour.

Industrial Engineering

Introduction Industrial engineering (IE) determines how fundamental factors of production are identified, coordinated, and used to aid efficiency and productivity in diverse operational sectors. It provides innovative skills that aid planning, control, and quality in the engineering sector.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Industrial Engineering specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Evidently, it is important for individuals and countries with resources and strong performance orientations to adopt sustainable and conventional engineering practices. The practices should be developed under ideological, purposeful, and developmental virtues in order to facilitate construction of cost effective infrastructures. Industrial engineers should attain superior training on best engineering practices that embraces modern techniques of operation. This is to facilitate development of appropriate construction designs, alloca tion of resources, and crafting of superior strategic plan to enhance effectiveness (Price 2). Contextually, this paper discusses Industrial engineering as a major and as a job/career. Additionally, it discerns the importance of Industrial engineering in diverse aspects. Indeed, industrial engineering is a concept that seeks to revolutionize execution of activities in various economic sectors. This is achievable through adoption of noble practices that aim at improving productivity, creativity, and effectiveness. Proposal for the research paper This piece provides insightful information on the imperativeness of industrial engineering that remains a noble aspect in steering performance in the current society. The concept presents requisite incentives that drive planning, design, and control of resources in the engineering setting. This propels effectiveness and efficiency in execution of activities. Its main objective is to equip individuals with performance credentials to enhance pr oductivity and development of cost effective construction strategies that are sustainable. Indeed, industrial engineering concept enables development of innovative and creative processes of construction while ensuring superior management of resources. It enables creation of relevant production lines, planning, and resource distribution essential for growth. Therefore, the information is to enhance development of individuals with superior engineering credentials capable of advancing quality in the sector.Advertising Looking for research paper on engineering? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Industrial engineering as a major discipline and a career development policy Industrial engineering forms an essential discipline in the current society. It equips individuals with conventional knowledge capacity on contemporary engineering practices that are suitable in advancing growth (Munir, 1). The practices are set to advance productivi ty, efficiency, and value including maximization of cost-related factors that affect construction. It sets up clear guidelines that enable proper identification of relevant activities that are needed in the society and boosts formulation of strong policies that are geared towards constructing strong infrastructure. Noticeably, engineers perform significant tasks of designing, scheduling, and establishing superior control systems that enable sound execution of construction projects (Munir, 2). This explains the need of ensuring adoption of industrial engineering skills that instills innovative mindset in individuals. According to Dalhousie University article (2), industrial engineering is concerned with advancing productivity and development of stable structures that presents limited threats to users. It achieves this through effective management of people, business models, and technology. In regard to career development, individuals with strong aspirations of pursuing engineering sh ould adopt industrial engineering training due to its relevance in the contemporary world. It provides superior incentives for personal and professional growth that enhances flexibility compared to other specialties of engineering. Indeed, IE equips individuals with comprehensive knowledge on diverse areas that includes construction, management, distribution of resources, and activity scheduling (SCCC 1). This is vital since other disciplines of engineering provide nonflexible knowledge where some major content are not provided for holistic practicing. Consequently, it boosts one’s ability to acquire job opportunities. Investors or prospective employers are currently in need of engineers with comprehensive knowledge in diverse fields apart from construction knowledge. These elements explain the imperativeness of industrial engineering as a career development aspect. Activities of Industrial Engineering The activities of industrial engineering revolve under set guidelines with an aim of advancing performance and improvement of quality. This ensures that value is obtained through effective administration of processes and resources that are involved in the development sequence. Evidently, IE aids architectural designing tools and equipments, which forms the foundation of any engineering project (Munir, 2).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Industrial Engineering specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Clearly, projects that are founded under inferior standards hold low capacity to successful execution. Therefore, institutions that seek to develop strong structures should ensure establishment of superior designs and procurement of relevant equipments to ensure effectiveness in service delivery. Industrial engineers also perform identification and improvement of processes. Development of critical processes in the construction sequence is essential in facilitating engineering projects. Th is is to guarantee effective management of resources through priority-based distribution to avert wastages. Additionally, industrial engineering equips engineers with time, cost, and performance standardization qualities relevant in steering construction projects (TPR Education 1). Time is a scarce resource that should be managed effectively through formulation of structural and operational plans. Other activities of industrial engineers include setting up of value engineering and evaluation systems, wage incentive schemes, and performance assessment incorporating inventory quality maintenance. These activities are fundamental in ensuring development of superior engineering projects in a holistic manner with coordination by proficient individuals who hold unquestionable credentials. Functions and Importance of Industrial Engineering Industrial engineering performs diverse functions that support manufacturing and service operations. This helps in advancing productivity, safety, and e mployees’ welfare. Precisely, the major function of IE is to revolutionize the engineering sector by providing conventional techniques in various sectors. It seeks to enhance novelty, productivity, effectiveness, and efficiency in service delivery through adoption of superior operating strategies, designs, and control of possessions (TPR Education 1). The concept is set to advance working conditions and create clear motivational avenues with strong focus to consumer satisfaction rather than being profit-oriented. Indeed, most institutions have been focusing on profit making rather than provision of quality services. It is advisable for engineers to adopt contemporary techniques of construction that recognize modern needs and constraints in terms of resources. SCCC (2) states that investors in the construction industry need engineers who hold holistic knowledge on modern construction and administration concepts to steer construction plans. Such individuals are in demand since they foster development of viable construction designs and strategies that are technological oriented. Industrial engineering presents learners with conventional and innovative incentives that facilitate holistic integration of construction and project administration concepts (Price 2). These factors are vital in formulating quality policies and construction plans.Advertising Looking for research paper on engineering? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Presently, holistic engineering knowledge that enhances superior planning, development of construction blueprints, and enhancement of administration skills is paramount in recording success. This is vital since planning, designing, and control of resources define the successful provisions of IE. Conclusion Evidently, industrial engineering provides noble incentives for growth and development. It ensures increased productivity, novelty, and superior management of engineering procedures. Critically, individuals with strong engineering career aspirations should undertake this course due to its relevancy and applicability in providing viable solutions in diverse sectors. Works Cited Dalhousie University. What do Industrial Engineers do?. 2012. Web. Munir, Abdul. About Industrial Engineering. 2008. Web. Price, John. Industrial engineering and engineering management in Australia. 2012, Web. SCCC (Sloan Career Cornerstone Center). Industrial Engineering Overview. 2012. Web. TPR Education. Career: Industrial Engineer. 2012, Web. This research paper on Industrial Engineering was written and submitted by user Dominick Kramer to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

History of Christmas Traditions in the 19th Century

History of Christmas Traditions in the 19th Century The history of Christmas traditions kept evolving throughout  the 19th century, when most of the familiar components of the modern Christmas including St. Nicholas, Santa Claus, and Christmas trees, became popular. The changes in how Christmas was celebrated were so profound that its safe to say someone alive in 1800 would not even recognize the Christmas celebrations held in 1900. Christmas Traditions: Key Takeaways Our most common Christmas traditions developed during the 1800s:The character of Santa Claus was largely a creation of author Washington Irving and cartoonist Thomas Nast.Christmas trees were popularized by Queen Victoria and her German husband, Prince Albert.Author Charles Dickens helped establish a tradition of generosity at Christmas. Washington Irving and St. Nicholas Early Dutch settlers of New York considered St. Nicholas to be their patron saint and practiced a yearly ritual of hanging stockings to receive presents on St. Nicholas Eve, in early December. Washington Irving, in his fanciful History of New York, mentioned that St. Nicholas had a wagon he could ride â€Å"over the tops of trees† when he brought â€Å"his yearly presents to children.† The Dutch word â€Å"Sinterklaas† for St. Nicholas evolved into the English â€Å"Santa Claus,† thanks in part to a New York City printer, William Gilley, who published an anonymous poem referring to â€Å"Santeclaus† in a children’s book in 1821. The poem was also the first mention of a character based on St. Nicholas having a sleigh, in this case, pulled by a single reindeer. Clement Clarke Moore and The Night Before Christmas Perhaps the best-known poem in the English language is â€Å"A Visit from St. Nicholas,† or as it’s often called, â€Å"The Night Before Christmas.† Its author, Clement Clarke Moore, a professor who owned an estate on the west side of Manhattan, would have been quite familiar with the St. Nicholas traditions followed in early 19th century New York. The poem was first published, anonymously, in a newspaper in Troy, New York, on December 23, 1823. Reading the poem today, one might assume that Moore simply portrayed the common traditions. Yet he actually did something quite radical by changing some of the traditions while also describing features that were entirely new. For instance, the St. Nicholas gift giving would have taken place on December 5, the eve of St. Nicholas Day. Moore moved the events he describes to Christmas Eve. He also came up with the concept of â€Å"St. Nick† having eight reindeer, each of them with a distinctive name. Charles Dickens and A Christmas Carol The other great work of Christmas literature from the 19th century is A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens. In writing the tale of Ebenezer Scrooge, Dickens wanted to comment on greed in Victorian Britain. He also made Christmas a more prominent holiday and permanently associated himself with Christmas celebrations. Dickens was inspired to write his classic story after speaking to working people in the industrial city of Manchester, England, in early October 1843. He wrote A Christmas Carol quickly, and when it appeared in bookstores the week before Christmas 1843 it began to sell very well. The book crossed the Atlantic and began to sell in America in time for Christmas 1844, and became extremely popular. When Dickens made his second trip to America in 1867 crowds clamored to hear him read from A Christmas Carol.  His tale of Scrooge and the true meaning of Christmas had become an American favorite. The story has never been out of print, and Scrooge is one of the best-known characters in literature. Santa Claus Drawn by Thomas Nast The famed American cartoonist Thomas Nast is generally credited as having invented the modern depiction of Santa Claus. Nast, who had worked as a magazine illustrator and created campaign posters for Abraham Lincoln in 1860, was hired by Harper’s Weekly in 1862. For the Christmas season, he was assigned to draw the magazine’s cover, and legend has it that Lincoln himself requested a depiction of Santa Claus visiting Union troops. The resulting cover, from Harper’s Weekly dated January 3, 1863, was a hit. It shows Santa Claus on his sleigh, which has arrived at a U.S. Army camp festooned with a â€Å"Welcome Santa Claus† sign. Santa’s suit features the stars and stripes of the American flag, and he’s distributing Christmas packages to the soldiers. One soldier is holding up a new pair of socks, which might be a boring present today, but would have been a highly prized item in the Army of the Potomac. Beneath Nasts illustration was the caption, â€Å"Santa Claus In Camp.† Appearing not long after the carnage at Antietam and Fredericksburg, the magazine cover is an apparent attempt to boost morale in a dark time. The Santa Claus illustrations proved so popular that Thomas Nast kept drawing them every year for decades. He is also credited with creating the notion that Santa lived at the North Pole and kept a workshop manned by elves. The figure of Santa Claus endured, with the version drawn by Nast becoming the accepted standard version of the character. By the early 20th century the Nast-inspired version of Santa became a very common figure in advertising. Prince Albert and Queen Victoria Made Christmas Trees Fashionable The tradition of the Christmas tree came from Germany, and there are accounts of early 19th century Christmas trees in America, but the custom wasn’t widespread outside German communities. The Christmas tree first gained popularity in British and American society thanks to the husband of Queen Victoria, the German-born Prince Albert. He installed a decorated Christmas tree at Windsor Castle in 1841, and woodcut illustrations  of the Royal Family’s tree appeared in London magazines in 1848. Those illustrations, published in America a year later, created the fashionable impression of the Christmas tree in upper-class homes. By the late 1850s reports of Christmas trees were appearing in American newspapers. And in the years following the Civil War ordinary American households celebrated the season by decorating a Christmas tree. The first electric Christmas tree lights appeared in the 1880s, thanks to an associate of Thomas Edison, but were too costly for most households. Most people in the 1800s lit their Christmas trees with small candles. The First White House Christmas Tree The first Christmas tree in the White House was displayed in 1889, during the presidency of Benjamin Harrison. The Harrison family, including his young grandchildren, decorated the tree with toy soldiers and glass ornaments for their small family gathering. There are some reports of president Franklin Pierce displaying a Christmas tree in the early 1850s. But the stories of a Pierce tree are vague and there doesnt seem to be contemporaneous mentions in newspapers of the time. Christmas Tree and Family, 1848. Benjamin Harrisons Christmas cheer was closely documented in newspaper accounts. An article on the front page of the New York Times on Christmas Day 1889 detailed the lavish presents he was going to give his grandchildren. And though Harrison was generally regarded as a fairly serious person, he vigorously embraced the Christmas spirit.   Not all subsequent presidents continued the tradition of having a Christmas tree in the White House. By the middle of the 20th century, White House Christmas trees became established. And over the years  it has evolved into an elaborate and very public production. The first National Christmas Tree was placed on The Ellipse, an area just south of the White House, in 1923, and the lighting of it was presided over by President Calvin Coolidge. The lighting of the National Christmas Tree has become quite a large annual event, typically presided over by the current president and members of the First Family. Yes, Virginia, There Is a Santa Claus In 1897 an eight-year-old girl in New York City wrote to a newspaper, the New York Sun, asking if her friends, who doubted the existence of Santa Claus, were right. An editor at the newspaper, Francis Pharcellus Church, responded by publishing, on September 21, 1897, an unsigned editorial. The response to the little girl has become the most famous newspaper editorial ever printed. The second paragraph is often quoted: Yes, VIRGINIA, there is a Santa Claus. He exists as certainly as love and generosity and devotion exist, and you know that they abound and give to your life its highest beauty and joy. Alas! how dreary would be the world if there were no Santa Claus. It would be as dreary as if there were no VIRGINIAS. Church’s eloquent editorial asserting the existence of Santa Claus seemed a fitting conclusion to a century that began with modest observances of St. Nicholas and ended with the foundations of the modern Christmas season firmly intact. By the end of the 19th century, the essential components of a modern Christmas, from Santa to the story of Scrooge to strings of electric lights were firmly established in America.

Managing entrepreneurially Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Managing entrepreneurially - Essay Example In the use of entrepreneurship skills in management, maximization on the available resources is usually the highest priority to increase the level of output in a firm, without incurring additional costs both financially and through labor. As per the definition of entrepreneurial management, an entrepreneur is a good manager who assumes all the risks of a business by taking control of the company, as well as its goals and direction. The entrepreneurship model of management is made up of six different styles that are generated from a combination of one or more styles, but all aim at the earlier mentioned goals of effectiveness and independence. The first style is the classic and is more of a traditional entrepreneurial management style based on monitoring and supervision (Roslan et al 91). With this in mind, all hired personnel are monitored and supervised on a personal level, where personal refers to the manager taking the role of supervisor. This style also focuses on lack of delegat ion of responsibilities in the firm all thanks to the personal nature or attachment of the manager to the firm in taking the lead to oversee everything personally. The down side to this style lies in the failure to delegate duties and responsibilities due to the neurotic urge to do everything by oneself, which is more of a negative way to run a firm. The style is reformed by defining that which can be delegated and that which cannot, in order to create a convention on that which is right and wrong in running of the firm in relation to effectiveness. However, due to the common belief that this style uses team management, businesses often become too complicated to be run by the entrepreneur using this style; thus the inclusion of managers from outside to run the business. Still, due to the lack of trust in the delegation of responsibilities to subordinates and other members of staff, there is usually conflict in the running of the firm, as the leader needs to be in control. This is co ncerning running and supervising everything personally, which leads to over regulation what the managers are supposed t do for the development of the firm. As a result, it disillusions the subordinates and the firm is left without members of staff since they cannot handle the occurrence of such events on a regular basis as it appears disrespectful to the members of staff by subjecting them to some of the responsibilities that one cannot handle on his or her own. To correct the situation of the classic style of leadership with its down sides, to is crucial to identify the role of one’s leadership in relation to one’s ability to delegate. Therefore, when one cannot delegate effectively, it is crucial to keep the complexity of the business to a minimum in order to eliminate the need for managers and disillusionment of subordinates. The second style is the coordinator, which is an alternative to the classic method in that it takes the recommendations of reforming the class ic to mind. A firm can be easily run with a very limited number of employees together with the leader, where the role of the leader revolves around organization. In this case, entrepreneurial management involves the leader verifying that everything is done in the form and that the firm is